Evolution without divergence

Evolution without divergence.

Divergence times and morphological evolution of the subtribe Eritrichiinae (Boraginaceae-Rochelieae) with special reference to Lappula

The subtribe Eritrichiinae belongs to tribe Rochelieae (Borginaceae; Cynoglossoideae) which is composed of about 200 species in five genera including Eritrichium, Lappula, Hackelia, Lepechiniella, and Rochelia. The majority of the species are annual and grow in xeric habitats. The genus Lappula as an arid adapted and the second biggest genus...

Quantum Field Theory without Divergence A

On the basis a new conjecture, we present a new Lagrangian density and a new quantization method for QED, construct coupling operators and mass operators, derive scattering operators Sf and Sw which are dependent on each other and supplement new Feynman rules. Sf and Sw together determine a Fenman integral. Hence all Feynman integrals are convergent and it is unnecessary to introduce regulariza...

Modeling the Evolution of Gene-Culture Divergence

We present a model for evolving agents using both genetic and cultural inheritance mechanisms. Within each agent our model maintains two distinct information stores we call the genome and the memome. Processes of adaptation are modeled as evolutionary processes at each level of adaptation (phylogenetic, ontogenetic, sociogenetic). We review relevant competing models and we show how our model im...

Divergence and Convergence in Enzyme Evolution*

Comparative analysis of the sequences of enzymes encoded in a variety of prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes reveals convergence and divergence at several levels. Functional convergence can be inferred when structurally distinct and hence non-homologous enzymes show the ability to catalyze the same biochemical reaction. In contrast, as a result of functional diversification, many structurally si...